Hi Korey,
the error gives it away - a foreign key 'constraint fails' meaning "what one table expects in a certain column of another table isn't what it is getting".
Not to worry - if this is mySQL you can, from my experience, remove the foreign key (using a tool like navicat makes it extremely easy to do so) - this may produce another CF error or things might work just fine afterwards, depending on the details of the underlying problem. As an application, CW has all of the relationships it needs defined right in the queries themselves , so the fk is really just a failsafe on the database side.
Probably a good idea to first check out the full query code that is being passed by CF,
and see if there isn't something more obvious at play.
Was this by any chance an 'upsize' from an access database? I've seen lots of similar issues with foreign keys during the upsize process.